Gout
A form of arthritis caused by uric acid crystals, often affecting the big toe.
Overview
Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by uric acid crystals forming in a joint, classically the big toe. It causes sudden, severe attacks of pain and swelling. Medical management addresses both attacks and prevention.
Symptoms
- Sudden, severe joint pain, often the big toe
- Redness, warmth and swelling
- Extreme tenderness over the joint
- Attacks that can recur
Causes
- High uric acid levels
- Diet, alcohol and certain medications
- Genetic and kidney-related factors
Treatment
- Medical treatment of acute attacks
- Long-term uric-acid management
- Dietary and lifestyle changes
- Gentle movement once attacks settle