Hallux valgus (bunion)

A bony bump at the base of the big toe as it drifts toward the others.

Overview

Hallux valgus, or bunion, is a deformity where the big toe drifts toward the others and a bony bump forms at its base. It can be painless or cause pain in footwear. Conservative care helps symptoms; surgery corrects the deformity.

Symptoms

  • A bony bump at the base of the big toe
  • Pain or rubbing in shoes
  • Drifting of the big toe toward the others
  • Swelling or redness over the bump

Causes

  • Genetic foot shape and mechanics
  • Tight or narrow footwear
  • Associated conditions affecting the joints

Treatment

  • Wider footwear and padding
  • Foot exercises and orthoses
  • Pain management
  • Surgical correction for significant deformity