Lumbar facet syndrome

Localised back pain arising from the small facet joints of the lumbar spine.

Overview

Lumbar facet syndrome describes pain originating from the facet (zygapophyseal) joints of the lower spine. Pain is typically localised, worse with extension and rotation, and may refer into the buttock or thigh but not below the knee.

Symptoms

Localised lower back pain, often one-sided
Pain worse with leaning backward or twisting
Stiffness after rest that eases with movement
Referral into the buttock or upper thigh

Causes

Degenerative change in the facet joints
Repetitive extension and rotation loads
Postural overload of the lumbar spine

Treatment

Movement retraining and posture variety
Mobility and stabilising exercise
Manual therapy as an adjunct
Targeted injections in persistent cases