Patellar dislocation

Overview

A patellar dislocation occurs when the kneecap slips out of its groove, often during a twist or direct blow. After a first dislocation, rehabilitation focuses on strengthening and control to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Symptoms

• The kneecap visibly out of place at the time
• Pain and swelling at the front of the knee
• A sense of the knee giving way
• Apprehension with twisting movements

Causes

• A twisting injury or direct blow
• Anatomical factors and laxity
• Quadriceps and hip control deficits

Treatment

• Early protection and swelling management
• Quadriceps, hip and control strengthening
• Bracing or taping in some cases
• Surgical opinion for recurrent dislocations