Whiplash associated disorder

Neck symptoms following a rapid acceleration–deceleration injury, often from a car collision.

Overview

Whiplash associated disorder describes the range of symptoms that can follow a sudden neck movement, typically in a road traffic collision. Most people recover well; early activity, reassurance and graded exercise improve outcomes.

Symptoms

  • Neck pain and stiffness after the injury
  • Headache, often from the base of the skull
  • Reduced neck movement
  • Sometimes dizziness or arm symptoms

Causes

  • Rapid acceleration–deceleration of the neck
  • Road traffic collisions
  • Sports or fall-related impacts

Treatment

  • Early reassurance and return to normal activity
  • Graded mobility and strengthening
  • Pain management as needed
  • Addressing fear-avoidance and recovery expectations